The Technical Intern Training Program (TITP) is a status of residence for foreign workers designed to bring workers into industries such as agriculture, fishing, construction, and food manufacturing to help fill labour shortages.
Based on the “Foreign Training Program” established in the 1990s, the current system is defined as ‘transferring Japanese technology to developing countries,’ despite its underlying function of supplementing Japan’s workforce.
Due to criticisms of the TITP, the Employment for Skill Development program has been newly established as a replacement. Its purpose is to develop human resources with skills at the Specified Skilled Worker (SSW) level through three years of employment in the ESD industrial fields.
Under the old TITP, there were numerous reported cases of human rights violation against the Technical Intern Trainees, including bullying in the workplace, sexual harassment, violence, forced labour outside of designated fields, and unpaid wages.
While the background of the TITP reform and the establishment of the new program (ESD) reside in the government’s intention to address these criticisms against TITP, the fundamental nature of the system remains unchanged: the exploitation of cheap labour.